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Open Access Article
1 - Evaluation of the impacts of the quality of urban third places on residents’ sense of place; Case Study: Cultural Pedestrian Zone in Rasht
Ali akbar Salari pour Hamid Ramezani mehrdad mehrjou Negin Ghorban zadehThe attraction of the city is that the city frees people from the norms that are tightly felt in their personal space and allows people to learn about themselves and others. The key to the success of social life is that people are safe in places where they feel comforta MoreThe attraction of the city is that the city frees people from the norms that are tightly felt in their personal space and allows people to learn about themselves and others. The key to the success of social life is that people are safe in places where they feel comfortable and have time to spend their time and continuously replace their essential activities with selective activities (activities that enjoy doing them). In general, one of the objectives of pedestrian street construction plans is to create a space for various social, cultural and tourism activities and to increase interactions and social participation.The purpose of this research is to organize the third places in urban spaces (the municipality of Rasht) to enhance the sense of belonging to the place. This subject has been measured in the municipality square of Rasht by assessing the indicators (sense of belonging, attendance, interoperability, evaluation of festivals and cultural events, and overall project evaluation). The method of research and gathering documentary and analytical information were based on the distribution of 350 questionnaires among the statistical population. In the inferential findings for research information analysis, one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. The results show that the condition of the municipality of Rasht with considering such indicators (sense of belonging, attendance, interoperability, and overall evaluation of the project) is relatively fair, but the attitude and assessment of projects and cultural events according to the degree of desire in Participation and holding of festivals are relatively low and require more serious planning and attention. The results of the correlation coefficient show that there are positive and meaningful statistical relationships between all indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The comparative study of Arabian-Islamic Urban pattern with Iranian-Islamic Urban pattern (case study: Khartoum and shiraz)
علی احمدیان کیسمیIslamic big cities like: khartom, Cairo, mashad, shiraz and… can be a pattern for other Islamic cities in the world. This cities have had different history. Since 19th century, this cities have experienced less traditional characters. Because in Africa and other reg MoreIslamic big cities like: khartom, Cairo, mashad, shiraz and… can be a pattern for other Islamic cities in the world. This cities have had different history. Since 19th century, this cities have experienced less traditional characters. Because in Africa and other region, this cities have had changes in urban culture and this trend change local Arabic urban indexex. But Iranian cities have not experienced this history. morphologic urban indexes include: rest sense, place Identity, Perception of Beauty, Ideal view and fast access and so on.This paper study morphologic factors (subjective and objective) of Arabian -Islamic Urban pattern (Khartoum) with Iranian - Islamic Urban pathern (shiraz). We use from documentary and structural content analysis methods for comparative of Arabian-Islamic Urban pattern with Iranian-Islamic Urban pattern. results show that there is no significance different between morphologic indexes for Arabian - Islamic Urban pattern and Iranian - Islamic Urban pattern. On the other hands, there is Similarity subjective (rest sense and place Identity and Perception of Beauty) and objective (Ideal view, fast access) indexes. so, even though there is different in history, we see Similarity in morphologic urban indexes specially rest sense, place Identity, Perception of Beauty, Ideal view and fast access, for this cities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Spatial Dynamics of Islamic City Based on Complexity Theory; Case Study: Tehran Central District
Hossein Hataminejad Ahmad pourahmad Keramatalah Zayyari Hosein Behbodi MoghadamCity is always dynamic and undergoing transformation. This dynamic in Islamic cities has been influenced by variety of exogenous and endogenous factors and has gotten complexity form. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the study of complexities of Islamic city s MoreCity is always dynamic and undergoing transformation. This dynamic in Islamic cities has been influenced by variety of exogenous and endogenous factors and has gotten complexity form. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the study of complexities of Islamic city spatial dynamics from the perspective of complexity theory and planning of these dynamics from the viewpoint of city as a complex system. Research Method in this paper is based on descriptive-analytical method and data collection method, based on documentary and field method. The statistical sample of the research consists of 85 urban managers and municipal experts (working in region 12, its six districts and Districts 1 and 2 of region 11), who have been identified based on the Cochran’s formula. Using the Mactor method and software and selecting the central part of Tehran as the study area, the following results were obtained: First, in recent decades, various factors and processes have played a role in the spatial dynamics of Tehran (As an Islamic and Muslim city) and its central part ,as They introduce it as a complex system. Second, the diversity of space actors with different positions of divergence, convergence and competition in the spatial dynamics of the central part of Tehran indicates the diversity, complexity and variety of elements involved in urban planning in this area. That is, in the study and planning of the Islamic city, one cannot rely on a single factor such as modernism or globalization, and the diversity of space processes and actors must be studied in terms of complexity theory, and all plans in urban planning have to consider this diversity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Socialization in Iranian Governmental Organizations and Its Role in Citizenship Ethics in the Islamic Iranian City
غلامرضا مقدم سیف اله سیف اللهی محمدرضا جوادی یگانهUndoubtedly today's world is the world of organizations. In any organization, although individuals are the primary agents of the organization, in fact, organizations themselves have an independent legal personality that, like any society, provides the basis for interact MoreUndoubtedly today's world is the world of organizations. In any organization, although individuals are the primary agents of the organization, in fact, organizations themselves have an independent legal personality that, like any society, provides the basis for interaction between individuals and their socialization.On the other hand, today most of the Citizens' time are occupied by economic duties and presence in the workplace. Many people in this environment interact with different formal and informal groups and learn many of the values, norms and behaviors from that environment and internalize their behavior.Therefore, recognizing the increasing importance and scope of organizations and their role in the socialization of individuals, It is necessary to look at the economic and social structures of government agencies, as part of the pathology of ethics in the Islamic Iranian city.Organizations that play a large role in the citizenship ethics of their employees. Therefore, the issue of ethical training in the organization is important from both, a professional and a citizen's perspective that both of which are related to the concept of citizenship.In this study, grounded theory method was used and 25 staff members of one of the most high level governmental organizations of Iran located in Tehran were interviewed in depth.The findings show that ambiguity of ethical perception, avoidance of participation, ambiguity in role and goals and weakness of work culture are the phenomena affecting on disorganization which provide grounds for negative socialization of citizenship ethics in the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Religious Spaces in the Layout and Fabric of Zoroastrian Cities; Case Study: Yazd
hassan karimian Fatemeh karimiThe layout and fabric of a city reflect the influence of beliefs and cultures of their inhabitants. Amongst Iranian ancient cities, the historical city of Yazd, thanks to its intact and less-affected old fabric, is an excellent arena for investigating such impact. Accor MoreThe layout and fabric of a city reflect the influence of beliefs and cultures of their inhabitants. Amongst Iranian ancient cities, the historical city of Yazd, thanks to its intact and less-affected old fabric, is an excellent arena for investigating such impact. According to the historical sources, Zoroastrians lived in nine (out of seventy seven) districts of Yazd in the Qajar era. Since Zoroastrians continue to live in these urban spaces to date, it has been tried in the present research to investigate the extent of influence of Zoroastrian’s religion on the formation of such spaces.This research, therefore, investigates the architectural elements with religious function in one of the main Zoroastrian districts in Yazd City, and the religious commandments that have influenced the formation of its space. To this end, a relatively well-preserved area i.e. the Dasturān district, is selected and its religious buildings were identified. The results of fieldworks combined with the findings of historical and religious texts, confirm that the religious spaces had a pivotal role in the formation of the fabric of Zoroastrian city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The analysis of the spatial structure of Qom metropolis with emphasis on the formation of sub-cores
Mohammad soleimani mosa kamanrodi Mazhar Ahmadi Ahmad ZanganehAmong the patterns of building a city, a , polycentric cities pattern of larger cities is true, as experience has shown that smaller cities, especially historic cities, often have a metropolitan core, usually located in the central geometric and historical boundaries of MoreAmong the patterns of building a city, a , polycentric cities pattern of larger cities is true, as experience has shown that smaller cities, especially historic cities, often have a metropolitan core, usually located in the central geometric and historical boundaries of the city. This is due to the physical development of large cities towards the periphery, urban sub-centers, and the city’s multi-core spatial structure gradually emerges. The present paper aims to identify the evolution of the spatial structure of the metropolis of Qom from the viewpoint of the nuclei and urban centers, especially in the last three decades. The idea of this research was that the specific characteristics and functions of the city prevented the city from becoming a part of the city’s central depopulation, as compared to other similar cities. For analyzing data, quantitative methods including general G and LISA statistics, standard deviation and kernel density functions have been used in Arc Gis 10.3 software. The results of the research show that the metropolis of Qom despite its special religious features and its second rank in the religious cities of the country after the holy Mashhad, like many other major Iranian-Islamic cities, have been shown to accelerate urbanization and the physical and diffuse development of urban texture during the year. From 1986 to 2016. During this process, the central part of the city still retains many of its functions, and despite the relative burnout and physical barriers and constraints, it is now considered to be the most important urban core in the metropolis’s spatial structure. Consequently, the metropolis of Qom is rapidly increasing due to the rapid increase in population and extent (horizontal expansion), as well as the formation of some urban centers, nodes and sub-centers, although it is changing to several cities, but because of specific religious features and Its extensive functions in the central part of the city are still known as a Single-core city dominated by the city’s historical core. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Revisiting the Spatial Organization of Neighborhoods in the Iranian City in Terms of the Tradition of Mortmain; Case Study: Aligholi Agha neighborhood, Isfahan
Mina Kashani Hamedani Hassan Sajjadzadehmortmain has been existing for a long time in the field of urbanization. It is a multifaceted phenomenon with various physical, functional, social and economic dimensions. Identifying the effect of mortmain endowment on the building blocks of Iranian-Islamic cities, esp Moremortmain has been existing for a long time in the field of urbanization. It is a multifaceted phenomenon with various physical, functional, social and economic dimensions. Identifying the effect of mortmain endowment on the building blocks of Iranian-Islamic cities, especially through a historical approach, will help to clarify this concept. With its unique historical neighborhoods, the city of Isfahan which was mainly developed in the Safavid era under the influence of the idea of the Islamic city and mortmain offers a perfect opportunity for innovative historical research. From among the numerous historical neighborhoods in Isfahan, the neighborhood of Aligholi Agha was selected as the case of the present study due to the survival of its mortmain deeds. The hypothesis of this research is the influence of mortmain on the shape of Aligholi Agha neighborhood. The research seeks to find an answer to the question of how tradition of mortmain has affected the structure and creation of traditional neighborhood spaces?. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to analyze the spatial structure and physical elements of traditional neighborhoods from the perspective of mortmain tradition and based on the structuralism approach in Islamic city studies. Accordingly, in the process of traditional neighborhoods regeneration, a sustainable spatial organization can be achieved by relying on research findings. For this purpose, the research was conducted through a descriptive-analytical method, while reviewing the literature of the position of mortmain in Islamic thought and its impact on the structure of the Islamic city, and using library-documentary as well as field observations, historical documents and maps, and existing mortmain deeds. Our findings indicate that mortmain has been effective in the formation and further historical development of Aligholi Agha neighborhood centers in Isfahan and creating public buildings such as mosques, bath and other public buildings in this neighborhood. Also, due to the doctrinal and social dimensions of the mortmain tradition, the development and creation of Aligholi Agha neighborhood buildings, has created an interconnected and intertwined structure in the center of the neighborhood and has created sensitivity and participation of people in preserving and reviving traditional buildings in this neighborhood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Economic Regeneration of urban Worn out and inefficient texture with strategic planning approach; Case study: District 10 of Tehran
Zohre tajik Seyed Mosa Mosavi rahim sarvarThe rapid development of urbanization has had a significant impact on the old and historic nuclei of cities. In other words, these areas have become worn-out and inefficient urban structures compared to other areas of the city, and the most important factor influencing MoreThe rapid development of urbanization has had a significant impact on the old and historic nuclei of cities. In other words, these areas have become worn-out and inefficient urban structures compared to other areas of the city, and the most important factor influencing their abandonment is the economic factor which has caused these tissues to lag behind the development process and become the center of problems and failure.In this regard, the metropolis of Tehran is one of the major cities that, under the influence of the rapid development of urbanization, faces risks and disturbances in various dimensions in the old and historical nuclei.The manifestation of these disorders and challenges in the 10th district of Tehran, with a significant area of worn and dysfunctional urban fabric, is 52% more pronounced and more severe and directly or indirectly, it has involved citizens in a wide range of issues and problems. Therefore, this research is based on the process of a new approach to the intervention of the base location in urban dysfunctional and worn-out tissues namely urban sustainable regeneration (with an approach circle economy regeneration) through strategic planning, while analyzing the current situation, the position of the worn-out texture of Tehran’s 10th district in the economic field, pay to provide key strategies for the optimal use of potential facilities and capacities within the context and restore economic prosperity to the range of study tissue. The type of research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The technique used for data analysis is the integrated SWOT-AHP model.The results show that the worn and dysfunctional texture of the 10th district of Tehran in the economic field is facing many weaknesses in terms of internal environment and significant opportunities in terms of external environmen which in finally, by adopting adaptive strategies (revision), it is possible to make the most of the opportunities in the economic field by reducing the existing weaknesses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Spatial Developments of Sirjan During Islamic Period Based on the Archaeological Evidences and the Written Historical Resources
hasan karimian Ahmad pourahmad Zeinab AfzaliOne of the major cities of Kerman province since the Sasanian period, Sirjan has played a key role in the political, economic, and cultural developments of southeastern Iran due to its geographical location and adjacency to trade routes. Written sources provide detailed MoreOne of the major cities of Kerman province since the Sasanian period, Sirjan has played a key role in the political, economic, and cultural developments of southeastern Iran due to its geographical location and adjacency to trade routes. Written sources provide detailed information about Sirjan during the period; however, issues such as formation, development and decline, and settlements in different periods, as well as the social structure and the economic and cultural activities of the inhabitants have remained mostly neglected, which calls for archaeological studies and evidence. Despite its importance in the Islamic period, Sirjan has received little attention from archaeologists, and there are many uncertainties about its formation and relocations in different periods. Surprisingly, there is no archaeological information about the city even from an period as recent as the Safavid period. This study attempts to examine the process of Sirjan’s formation, development, and decline during the Islamic period, using written historical sources and archaeological evidence obtained in field research. The study also tries to explore the city’s site selection during the Islamic period and the causes of these relocations from an archaeological viewpoint, using archaeological excavations in Sirjan plain and analysis of the resulting data. The finding of the present study indicated that Sirjan, which was one of the strategic centers in southeastern Iran during the historical period, flourished in the early Islamic centuries and was of great importance as the center of Kerman province for several centuries. However, the city declined and was later abandoned in the late Seljuk period until Ghal’eh Sang gradually replaced the Shahre Qhadem. Evidence also showed that Ghal’eh Sang was the most important settlement in the Sirjan plain from the 13th to the late 15th century. After the destruction of the castle by the Aq Qoyunlu rulers in the late 15th century, this area lost its appeal and was replaced by Bagh Bamid Garden. During the Safavid period, Bagh Bamid was the most important settlement on the Sirjan plain. However, the governor’s seat and the urban center were transferred to Sa’iid Abad after its development and expansion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigation and Determination of the Evolution Process of Architecture in the Structure of the Tabriz bazaar with emphasis on contextualism
Prosha Bahrieh sahar tofan شبنم اکبری نامدارContextualism, as an important approach in architecture emphasizes upon the preservation of traces of the past and the differences and the features of each culture and it is rooted in the identity of every nation. The ancient texture of cities carries rich signs of the MoreContextualism, as an important approach in architecture emphasizes upon the preservation of traces of the past and the differences and the features of each culture and it is rooted in the identity of every nation. The ancient texture of cities carries rich signs of the culture and identity of forebears and Iranian traditional architecture is no exception to this rule, at the same time it’s a rich instance of harmony and co-habitation with environmental characteristics and spatial values. In traditional Iranian cities, bazaar was considered to be a fundamental element so that the city was recognized and appreciated for its bazaar. The Tabriz bazaar arranged in a complete city block has a long antiquity, vastness, functional diversity and architectural values. The current research makes attempt to elucidate and determine contextual factors influencing the Tabriz bazaar at urban (site location, formation and development) and architectural (dispersion of physical elements and function) scales. Therefore, the research questions are explained as follows: first, which contextual factors have been influential in the site location, formation and development of the Tabriz bazaar (Large scale)? Secondly, which contextual factors have been influential in the dispersion of physical elements and functions of the Tabriz bazaar (Intermediate scale)? The methodology of the research is deductive, which is based on the analysis of the content of documents. Thereby, the research attempts to re-read the subject matter and to draw a conclusion through the study of documents, exploration of historical books and logbooks, analysis of maps and old aerial images of Tabriz and the bazaar, as well as analysis of field survey findings of the existing condition of the bazaar. The extraction of contextual factors affecting the formation of the bazaar on the metropolitan scale and architectural programming related to the physical and functional dispersion shows that the formation and development of Tabriz bazaar and its elements over the ages have been influenced by the environmental, cultural, social, political, governmental and economic structure of the city. The effect of the contextual index in terms of the status of the political geography of the city and the economic value of the structural index of bazaar on the formation of necessity characteristic, supply-demand relationship and its manifestation in the form of Tabriz bazaar on large and medium scale has been found to be of more importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Dimensional analysis as a method in research on Islamic city
Bahador Zamani ehsan babaei salanghochThe applicability of the qualitative research system and its specific strategies namely grounded theory is worth considering for contributing to the knowledge with the valid scientific theories and doctrines in order to raise the level of awareness and to help predict a MoreThe applicability of the qualitative research system and its specific strategies namely grounded theory is worth considering for contributing to the knowledge with the valid scientific theories and doctrines in order to raise the level of awareness and to help predict and solve the existing problems of the urbanity and urban planning particularly in Islamic contexts. Grounded theory as one of the strategies of qualitative method has been developed with various readings in recent decades. Dimensional analysis as one of the readings of the grounded theory, being devised by Schutzman has been applied in various scientific disciplines; however, this method has been less used in urban research. This paper demonstrates the capabilities of this method for research in general and Islamic city research in particular. Accordingly, two questions are asked: What is the process and capability of the dimensional analysis method? To what extent is this method applicable to Islamic city research? The paper is organized into two main sections. In the first section, the background, philosophical foundations and theoretical underpinnings and steps of the dimensional analysis method are discussed taking into consideration the possibilities and capabilities of this method for research. In the second part of the paper, this method is used for a sample study in Islamic urban context. In this section, the concept of Islamic city has been studied by various scholars scrutinizing the various dimensions and methods used to construct this concept and provide an explanatory framework in this regard. The results of this section come up with six distinct models of Islamic city in related texts and narratives, including Islamic habitat (not city) model; timeless city model; physical model; Muslims’ city model; Islamic civilization model; and city-in-Muslims’ territory model. The findings of this study not only emphasize the advantages and usefulness of dimensional analysis for urban research, but it also implies that any use of this method –such as any other quantitative and qualitative methods – requires its own related ontological and epistemological considerations and adaptation in line with the research details particularly its aim/s and question/s. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - An Analysis of the Role of the Great Hosseinieh in the Formation of the Secondary Structure of Zanjan in the Qajar Era and the Its Persistence Causes
Ahad Nejadebrahimi MohammadJavad HeydariThe government found more religious convergence with the people in the Qajar era. Because, in addition to the people, the government was also active in constructing religious places, such as Dolat (government) and Nasiriyah Tekyeh in Tehran and Zanjan city. This factor MoreThe government found more religious convergence with the people in the Qajar era. Because, in addition to the people, the government was also active in constructing religious places, such as Dolat (government) and Nasiriyah Tekyeh in Tehran and Zanjan city. This factor not only increased the influence of the Shi’i religion and publicized its religious rituals, but, in addition to influencing the physical organization of the city, it paved the way for another structure too. This structure was not defined by physical element such as the main structure. Contrary to the main structure, this structure was a symbolic and semantic that arose as a result of social action. This structure was a result of citizen’s image of mind of the urban spatial sense and identity that the social construction (religious behavior of citizens) has played a major role in its shaping and, contrary to the main structure of the city, has undergone a change. The purpose of this research is to explain the role and influence of the Hosseinieh Azam (great Hosseinieh) in the formation of the secondary structure of Zanjan in the Qajar era. The research method is historical, descriptive and analytical. Documentary and field study method has been used in gathering the required information. Results of this research showed that the construction or development of the great Hosseinieh and the formation of its mourning group in the Qajar era have played an important role in creating the secondary structure of the city of Zanjan. A structure that has persistence to this time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Reading Spaces Based on Michel Foucault Theory of Power-Space; Case Study of Naghsh e Jahan Square in Safavid Era
samar haghighi brojeni Seyed Abash Agha Yazdanfar Mostafa BehzadfarSpace is a multi-dimensional concept that is at once economic, political, semiotic and experiential, and in this sense it is an integral component of social interaction and an indispensable vector for critical theories. After 1980’s knowledge of space has become critica MoreSpace is a multi-dimensional concept that is at once economic, political, semiotic and experiential, and in this sense it is an integral component of social interaction and an indispensable vector for critical theories. After 1980’s knowledge of space has become critical to understanding the production and transformation of power relations, and in this regard the built environment is an important concept for any endeavor in social analysis. This paper explores the possibilities for development of social theories of space-power based on the theories of Michelde Foucault, coupled with methods of content analysis of urban spaces.The aim of this article is to explore how political poweris constructed in urban spaces, and how these construction processes might be conceptualised and analysed. The paper begins by exploring the Foucault theories of power-space to analyse and interpret the relationship between urban space and political power: how political powers implement to shape urban spaces, and improve their authority and legitimacy through spaces, in turn. These strategies can be defined in spatial technologies through founding of spatial structural and functional principles.Grounded on this analythical and interpretative study of Foucault theories of space and power relations, this paper seeks to demonstrate a conceptual framework which can be adapted to urban spaces content analyzing. The achievement of this research is to develop an appendant analysing method to elaborate a tool for the meaning analysis of spaces in architecture and urban design studies. This methodology is applied in a case study sample. The main strategies which are explored in the theoretical-based part of this study are tested in Naghsh e Jahan Squere’, a historic squerein the city of Isfahan, during Safavid era, specially the reign of Shah Abbas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Analysis of Thoughts of Modernism on the Formation and Change of Urban Streets in Iran and Uzbekistan; Case study of Tehran and Tashkent
Nazanin Islami Fariba Alborzi Hosein soltanzadehThe Qajar period in Iran coincides with the Western Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century, which is an important factor in the development of modern and contemporary Architecture and Urban Planning. This means that, the Qajar period is the link between the tra MoreThe Qajar period in Iran coincides with the Western Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century, which is an important factor in the development of modern and contemporary Architecture and Urban Planning. This means that, the Qajar period is the link between the traditional past and the modern future of Iran, and provides the Context for the emergence of changes in the first two decades of the Pahlavi era. Also, Uzbekistan undergoes Number of Developments in Soviet Modernization Processes during this Era. The Purpose of this Study is to Examine how the Impact of Modern Cultural, Political and Social Progresses on the Urban Streets Evolution in Iran and Uzbekistan during the Qajar and First Pahlavi Eras to Answer these Questions: Have the Modern Cultural, Political and Social Progresses influenced the process of Urban Street Evolution in Iran and Uzbekistan?What is the Structure, Nature and aspects of differences and similarities of Urban Streets Evolution in Iran and Uzbekistan during Qajar and First Pahlavi Eras? This is a Historical-Comparative research with Qualitative approach which uses Documentary Studies. Historical-interpretive research method has been used to collect Historical theoretical bases and Descriptive-Analytical research method has been used to comparison the urban Streets Evolution in Tehran and Tashkent. The Statistical Population includes all streets that underwent Physical and Functional Changes during the Qajar and Fisrt Pahlavi Eras due to Modernist Thoughts and The Sample Population consists of a number of streets that were in the same time frame and have Stylistic Similarities in terms of Physical, Functional, and objective developments. The results of the research show that the Thoughts of modernism in both countries have been manifested in objective, functional and physical dimensions and the physical components have been more influential than the other components. In both countries, street design has been emerged similarly with new components such as the proximity of various functions around the street, increased permeability and visual transparency in the urban street walls and the regular checkered grid of the streets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The physical-spatial structure analysis of the social classes houses in Oil company town “Abadan” during the boom of the oil industry, with the method of space syntax
Golzar Yonesi Maryam Armaghan Mohamad Javad SaghafiThe large consumption of oil for energy has had important implications for urban development and globalization in the twentieth century. One of them was the creation of a company town and, consequently, new physical and spatial forms of housing in them. Much of this has MoreThe large consumption of oil for energy has had important implications for urban development and globalization in the twentieth century. One of them was the creation of a company town and, consequently, new physical and spatial forms of housing in them. Much of this has been done by British government, in the exploitation of oil and, consequently, the creation of the Oil Company town. Separated social classes based on social status and the special architecture associated with it are prominent features of the Oil Company town. The aim of this study was to investigate and identify the physical-spatial structure of the allocated spaces to each social class and compare changes in these existing social structures in “Abadan”, Is done by space syntax method.we used the qualitative, descriptive-analytical research method, and finally the logical reasoning based on statistical and quantitative data. Depth map software, in items such as depth, integeration, connectivity,control and distribution, have been used in the selected plans of each class. The results and findings comparatively show the adaptation of the social structure to the architecture structure. In these structures, from the working class to the lesser masters, the structure has moved towards extroversion and fundamental change with its traditional form, and the separation and classification of spaces and the creation of spatial hierarchy, as well as individualism and privacy, in the working class to the bosses, according to the data. Software and analytics have increased step by step, and as of today, existing homes are getting closer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Identification and explanation effective factors in Fire Stations site selection in run down texture
Ahmad Heydari Hamidreza JoudakiFrom among available uses and services, significant importance is distribution efficient site selection of Fire station, in the case of important and attention to the safety and arrangement in coping on fire and accident with increase Population and density in city ,ser MoreFrom among available uses and services, significant importance is distribution efficient site selection of Fire station, in the case of important and attention to the safety and arrangement in coping on fire and accident with increase Population and density in city ,services, fire organization is duty supply in the coping with fire. In run down and old texture because of supply suitable access and minimum standard time to fire place and in general supply urban safety establish fire station is more important. The basic goal of this research is identification main factors in site selection for establish fire stations in run down texture. In this research ,at first survey and identification main factors in site selection in run down texture with use of AHP method ,this is a multi-criteria decision making and then weighting and prioritization fire station site selection criterion and sub criterion. The results show that between factor such as access, population density, nearness and natural disasters, access factor appropriating access most weight in fire stations site selection in Tehran run down texture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Develop a conceptual framework for neighborhood-based participatory planning in Iranian cities Case study: Sirus, Javadiyeh and Haftechenar neighborhoods of Tehran
Mohammad Ghasemisiani Iraj Ghasemi hossein HidariToday, participation in social affairs is one of the main principles of sustainable development. In the field of urban management, empowering citizens and influencing them in urban affairs is the core of the participatory approach. So that in the regeneration of worn ti MoreToday, participation in social affairs is one of the main principles of sustainable development. In the field of urban management, empowering citizens and influencing them in urban affairs is the core of the participatory approach. So that in the regeneration of worn tissues during the last three decades, this approach has been mentioned as the key to problem solving and effective implementation of renovation programs. But experience shows that what has been considered as participation in urban management in Iran is more about financing and instrumental use of participation. In this article, an attempt has been made to study the experience of renovation in three neighborhoods of Sirus, Javadieh and Haftchenar, Tehran, which has been implemented with the approach of physical-spatial planning and participatory planning, while enumerating barriers to participation, to provide a model for future projects. The research method of this study is qualitative and the interview technique has been used. The sample size is 30 renovation managers and experts who have worked in these or similar projects. The results indicate that the barriers can be classified into two categories of structural and factor factors. Thus, structural factors at the macro level, including organizational structures, and at the micro level, including legal factors (laws and regulations) and agency at the two micro levels, ie individual factors and macro level, ie the organizational dimension, create obstacles to citizen participation. Therefore, in order to attract people’s participation, these structural and factor factors must be coordinated with each other and a positive and two-way interaction must be established between them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Social Sustainability Assessment of Tehran City Regenerated Neighborhoods Case Study: Shamshiry and Shobiry-Ja Neighborhoods
Naghi AsgariThe national regeneration program of urban fabrics has been promoted Since 2009 by advocacy measures including granting cheap construction credits and no permit fees in an annual encouraging package that with other neighborhood base promotion increased housing construc MoreThe national regeneration program of urban fabrics has been promoted Since 2009 by advocacy measures including granting cheap construction credits and no permit fees in an annual encouraging package that with other neighborhood base promotion increased housing construction in determinate areas. However this question has been mentioned that whether this kind of regeneration will lead to more sustainable neighborhoods and communities, especially in term of social sustainability?The main goal was evaluation of direct result and long-run impacts of regeneration program on main aspects of social sustainability in two selected neighborhood of Tehran, Shamshiry and Shobiry-Ja. Following a relatively comprehensive discussion on literature review and theoretical issues, assessment framework of social sustainability fixed on 9 main aspects and more then hundred criteria which classified in 3 levels, based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Data of each criterion gathered by questionnaire (716 sample, 46 criteria), observation (14 criteria), interview and documents (37 criteria) and evaluated based on national urban standards and analytical thresholds which are prevalent in social impact assessment studies. Overall results show in a few aspects, regeneration program has made both neighborhoods more sustainable. However in many areas the program has leaded to unsustainable outcomes for communities. Foreseeable trends shows, if the current direction insist to continue without improvements, will jeopardize all achievements of program and will make the social structure of neighborhoods unsustainable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Comparative analysis of Tradition and Modernity from the perspective of Dr. Seyed Hossein Nasr; A traditionalist approach towards the Islamic city
Hamidreza saremi Niloofar HashemiPhilosophers’ confrontation with concepts such as “tradition” and “modernity” have always been discussed by groups with different views and each group has attempted to define these concepts based on their own understanding of the subject and index them tailored to their MorePhilosophers’ confrontation with concepts such as “tradition” and “modernity” have always been discussed by groups with different views and each group has attempted to define these concepts based on their own understanding of the subject and index them tailored to their particular worldview. Discussions on the concepts of tradition and modernity, the functions of each, the extent and intensity of each and the effectiveness of each concept in the current contemporary conditions have made it difficult to define a comprehensive and accurate definition without specifying an exclusive approach towards the topic. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine, analyze and critique the views of one of the leading professors of traditionalism, Dr. Seyed Hossein Nasr- impressed by Rene Guenon on and Frithjof Schuon and specialized in Islamic mysticism and philosophy, comparative theology, and the history of science in Islam- the issue of the crisis of the opposition between tradition and modernity in the contemporary world. Thus, by analyzing the content of Dr. Nasr's numerous publications, the concept of tradition and traditionalism, the pillars of traditional thought, traditional art, architecture and traditional urban planning from his point of view have been studied. In the next step, the above-mentioned cases will be examined in relation to the “modernist” thought. Finally, after a comprehensive critique of Dr. Nasr's views on the traditional Islamic city and the new Islamic city, final analysis will provide a valuable summary of the application of the concepts of tradition and modernity in Dr. Nasr's thought. This comparative analysis, which includes the dimensions of origin, temporal and spatial constraints, anthropology, art, artist, aesthetics, principles, architecture, architect, development, city, relationship with nature and environmental principles can guide traditionalist beliefs in solving the crisis of contemporary modernity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Model of meaning relationship of "High quality public places" from Islamic-Iranian thought perspective
Mohsen Rafieian Mojtaba Rafieian Mohamadreza BemanianThis article is written because of the lack of a model for understanding the relationship of the meaning of public space in the perceivers's minds. The results of the study showed that there are two types of levels in any observer's mind that the first are straight MoreThis article is written because of the lack of a model for understanding the relationship of the meaning of public space in the perceivers's minds. The results of the study showed that there are two types of levels in any observer's mind that the first are straight, immediate and referential, and the second are implicit, secondary and normative. In fact the secondary thought are a basis for knowing a place as high quality or not. For example everyone considers a clean public place or a place with law as a desirable place. However these places could have not been known as a quality places, if they are impure (according to Islamic rules) or there is a sin in it. With this example, it is cleared out that the secondary meaning plays an important role in the qualitative judgment of public places. Therefore in suggested model, a first levels are around the circle and the secondary are in a center of that and also this model is arranged by some components that has some properties such as a) Transcendental and uplifting, b) Being complementary and c) Hierarchy.in an example meaning relationship could be like atent with a main coulmn and some strings, implicit, secondary and normative meanings are like a main coulmn and straight, immediate and referential meanings are like strings. Finally,quality of holdfast arrange around it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Components of place quality in the Iranian-Islamic city
Hamidreza saremi Bahare BahraHuman presence in urban places means connection to collective existence and the space perceived by them is the result of a discourse between mind and society. Therefore, the quality of interactions resulting from the qualities of place proposed in the West, with the men MoreHuman presence in urban places means connection to collective existence and the space perceived by them is the result of a discourse between mind and society. Therefore, the quality of interactions resulting from the qualities of place proposed in the West, with the mental qualities in the Islamic approach, will not be effective in expressing the facts of human interactions with place. Therefore, the present study aims to achieve a model of place quality in the Iranian-Islamic city and in accordance with the Islamic school and thought seeks to answer the questions that what are the components affecting the meaning of place from the point of view of the Iranian-Islamic city? What are the necessary qualities to create an Iranian-Islamic urban place? What is the quality model of the place in the Iranian-Islamic city? In order to achieve the purpose of the research and answer the mentioned questions, qualitative methodology and content analysis strategy have been discussed in a descriptive-analytical process and content analysis of relevant resources in the field of Iranian-Islamic city. The model of place quality in the present study is based on the theory of phenomenal originality of meaning based on the idea that the place form is the most basic level of human interaction with the environment. Also, it has a completely tangible and physical nature and can be considered an object independent of human presence and knowledge. Human knowledge of the environment and the emergence of new concepts following the human presence in the environment, will provide the context for the emergence of the content of the place. For this reason, place and the meaning of place in the present study are considered to have two “subjective components” and “objective components”, which are inseparable in the content of place. According to the research results, the subjective component includes three components “perceptual”, “social” and “managerial” and the objective component has three components “function”, “shape” and “nature”. These components include a total of 52 qualities of places that make the model of quality of Iranian-Islamic city and can be considered in planning, design, management and decision-making and evaluation of the quality of Iranian-Islamic urban places. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Introduction to the concept of “up” and “down” in the event of archetype Islamic-Iranian architecture with an emphasis on distinguishing between the semantic fields of people attitudes (Cases study: Toopkhane square, Laleh Park, shahzade garden, naqhsh-e- jahan square)
Naser Barati elham kakavandIn purposive architecture in the field of environmental interventions, there are many details of size, shapes, combinations and certain mysteries that distinguish architectural elements, even in a single society. Reflection in the mysterious urban biological system, ori MoreIn purposive architecture in the field of environmental interventions, there are many details of size, shapes, combinations and certain mysteries that distinguish architectural elements, even in a single society. Reflection in the mysterious urban biological system, originates from the debate of thought and intuition, reason and love, and knowledge and insight. The present article explores the explanation and revelation of an ancient pattern that has linked many of our architectural elements throughout history.An archetype with “Up-Down” concepts that has reflected from the people’s imagery into the in urban architecture space. In the meantime, the question arises that what is the connection between these ideas, behaviors, the value system and the human living space system, especially in cities? To achieve this, the content analysis method is used. First, the relationship between the elements is conceived qualitatively and afterwards, the relation between the phenomena is explained by selecting the study areas and surveying citizens based on the semantic differentiation method. The results indicate that the idea of perfectionism and movement towards peak and perfection (up and down) in Iranian literature and culture has always been present and the association of its meaning in people’s minds, has led to the formation of a specific spatial arrangement and urban living system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Acquisition of urban lands in urban development projects with a social justice approach
Azam Afsharnia Esfandiar zebardast Morteza TalachianAcquisition of urban lands with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development projects. In this study, after examining land ownership rights, some important rules related to land ownership in different Western and Islam MoreAcquisition of urban lands with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development projects. In this study, after examining land ownership rights, some important rules related to land ownership in different Western and Islamic perspectives are presented and suggestions are made to increase social justice in the realization of urban property rights. In the present study, due to the nature of the subject, the secondary analysis method and content analysis technique have been used. The findings of the study suggest that in the Western view, liberalism imposes restrictions on the government’s power to expropriate individuals, and argues that expropriation laws are only permissible if they serve the public interest. Results of the analysis of private property laws based on the indicators of justice and property rights in Iran by examining property laws in the relevant documents, in the form of 9 principles, including the participation of stakeholders in the implementation of urban projects in financing public spending, transfer of rights Development to the people, the legality of private expropriation if the public interest takes precedence over private-individual interests, and so on. Among the problems of land expropriation in urban development projects are the weakness of laws in proving the loss of existing owners or comparing the loss of owner and citizens and lack of explanation of the rights of the owner of each plot of land in relation to rules and regulations on how to use and use that property. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Relation between Human, Home, and City in Religious Texts of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam
mohammadreza rahimzadeh zahra alebouyehThe mainstream of the developments that have guided and shaped the contemporary human dwelling, has been the subject of concern and criticism by many diverse groups of thinkers. Many theorists have tried to re-think the concepts of dwelling and have created new perspect MoreThe mainstream of the developments that have guided and shaped the contemporary human dwelling, has been the subject of concern and criticism by many diverse groups of thinkers. Many theorists have tried to re-think the concepts of dwelling and have created new perspectives. Human happiness is the center of attention of all religious traditions. With this premised, it seems that an effort from this point of view can explain things that -in the current view of architecture- have been neglected or forgotten. The purpose of this research is to find out what are the principles and criterions to the body and the container of human life by referring to religious texts, and what is the relationship between the human and the container of his dwelling. The research method is comparative and interpretative, and its resources are the texts of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam and some of their interpretations. In the first part of the article, human’s existential relation to his dwelling containorin the context of thinking based on the mentioned religions has been investigated, and in the second part, the comparative analysis of the basic differences and commonalities has been discussed. The findings of the research show that, despite the differences in categories and terms to human and the levels and scales of his dwelling, the studied religions have one thing in common, and is that they do not make a fundamental and essential distinction between city, home, and human body, as they do for the human soul, the home dweller and the city dweller and consider the same principles for all these. From the point of view of all three religions, the world in which a person lives, the body, the house, and the city, is a whole unit that consists of a metamaterial or heavenly area in addition to the material or earthly area.However, in modern thought, withthe domination of specialization and its expansion, has put forward a new approach in understanding and dealing with human and his dwelling, which is accurate but in comparison with religious thinking, in terms of the ranks are limited, different in terms of priorities, and inconsistent in terms of scales. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Evaluation of Technology in the architecture of Contemporary residential complexes (Case Study: Complexes of Tehran City from the Pahlavi Period until Today)
Sonya Silvayeh abbas ghaffari Maziar Asefi Abbas YazdanfarResidential architecture in Iran, and especially in the city of Tehran, has been changing since the beginning of the Pahlavi government. that, this developments were incomplete and led to the conversion of traditional, single-unit buildings into apartment complexes with MoreResidential architecture in Iran, and especially in the city of Tehran, has been changing since the beginning of the Pahlavi government. that, this developments were incomplete and led to the conversion of traditional, single-unit buildings into apartment complexes with vertical living. In the meantime, one of the most important factors influencing these developments is the new technologies resulting from the industrial revolution, which as a powerful factor, has in turn created undesirable developments. Because today, despite the fact that buildings have become more suitable and better due to the development of newer equipment and materials, it has adopted an intimate and inhumane design process. Therefore, this study reflects the impact of technology on the architecture of residential complexes in the contemporary period and during the two periods of Pahlavi and the Islamic Revolution, to achieve this, in the theoretical part with a qualitative approach and library studies and using the analytical-descriptive method, a theoretical framework is provided. In the practical part, the mentioned theoretical framework is evaluated through SPSS statistical program and finally personal analysis by field studies and questionnaire compilation. The research findings indicate that; there is a relatively weak relationship between the independent variable of "hard tools" from the discussion of technology and dependent variable of "residential complex" in the Pahlavi period compared to the period of the Islamic Revolution, but for the period of the Islamic Revolution, this relationship is more visible and stronger. So that the intensity of this relationship in the Pahlavi period with an average of 0.207 and in the Islamic Revolution with an average of 0.390. Among the significant issues; the important of "interior architecture/plan" in both mentioned periods is higher than the other two discussions, i.e. "interior decoration" and "area/ facade" in the architecture of complexes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Explanation the Dimensions and Components of an appropriate pattern of Earthquake Disaster Management in Deteriorated Urban Areas in Tehran city
asad razani Kamal Nozari Mojtaba RafiyanDue to the high vulnerability of deteriorated urban areas, a systematic precaution is needed to provide features and components of an effective pattern for disaster management in these areas that clarify the dimensions of decision-making in earthquake risk management in MoreDue to the high vulnerability of deteriorated urban areas, a systematic precaution is needed to provide features and components of an effective pattern for disaster management in these areas that clarify the dimensions of decision-making in earthquake risk management in them. The purpose of this research is to investigate the dimensions and components of an appropriate disaster management pattern in deteriorated urban areas in order to control and reduce the damage caused by the earthquake in the period before its occurrence (prevention stage) in deteriorated urban areas in Tehran. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and because it tries to establish a relationship between the dimensions and components of earthquake disaster management in deteriorated urban areas, it is exploratory. After identifying the dimensions and components of the disaster management pattern in deteriorated areas in documentary studies (theoretical foundations, Iranian and global experiences). It has been accurate and prioritized by referring to experts and proprietors. In the next step, the coefficient of significance of each component is specified and the results of the questionnaires evaluated and validated in content by using the PLS software. The results of the research show that in the field of disaster management in the deteriorated urban areas of Tehran. It is necessary to have a risk management and pre-thinking and pre- disaster management view before looking at the disaster management with a post- disaster view in these areas. In the pre-disaster stage, attention to different dimensions and considering the effective components of each of these dimensions in disaster management (social and cultural, physical-environmental, economic, structural and managerial, legal- rule and infrastructures dimensions) in deteriorated urban areas and their application can ultimately lead to decreasing vulnerability and promoting the resilience of these area in the face of various events, including the earthquakes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Codification of a theoretical model for the production of spiritual-led urban space in an Iranian-Islamic city, Based on grounded theory method (case study: the central part of Mashhad)
farzaneh madani mojtaba Rafieian afsoon mahdavi Fatemeh Mohammadniai GharaeiUrban development and the process of space production have always been accompanied by serious conflicts. This has led to the production and reproduction of profit spaces based on the logic of capital accumulation. One of the manifestations of this confrontation can be s MoreUrban development and the process of space production have always been accompanied by serious conflicts. This has led to the production and reproduction of profit spaces based on the logic of capital accumulation. One of the manifestations of this confrontation can be seen in the interventions made in contexts of special identity, such as Mashhad, which is in serious conflict with the issues of sustainability and its three dimensions. Against these challenges, spiritual-led urbanism and the need to identification its indicators in contemporary urban planning in order to balance the current vicious cycle seem necessary. The increasing trend of researches in this field by reputable scientific centers shows the need to apply this concept more and more in the scale of contemporary urban planning. This research aims to provide a spatial reading of the indicators of the production of spiritual-led urban space in contemporary urban planning in line with the adjustment of the current cycle, with the aim of compiling effective spatial components in this process. In terms of the goal, this research is among developmental and qualitative research that was conducted with the grounded theory method. The statistical community includes experts and key informants (21 individual interviews and 2 group interviews) who were selected as the sample size using the purposeful sampling method. The findings of the research are the identification of 23 indicators in the form of 8 main dimensions, including space syntax, role-playing, symbolism, sustainability, and justice, security, and management structure and Contemporizationof theoretical knowledge. The achievement of this research is placing a balancing concept in the cycle of space production, which will reduce the ambiguities and shortcomings of the urban planning system, especially in cities with the support of spiritual identity, by structuring effective spatial components in the production of spiritual-led space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Analysis of histrocial and futuristic factors affecting the privacy of Iranian Islamic cities; Case study of Tehran metropolitan area
mojtaba sabouri Rahim Sarvar Hamidreza Joudaki fatemeh adibi sadi nezhadHuman impact on the environment is based on worldview or philosophy of life; hence, the construction and formation of the city in human civilization has always expressed the ideology and worldview of those societies; therefore, in different geographical environments, we MoreHuman impact on the environment is based on worldview or philosophy of life; hence, the construction and formation of the city in human civilization has always expressed the ideology and worldview of those societies; therefore, in different geographical environments, we see cities with different roles and importance and with uncoordinated and heterogeneous growth. It has become the most severe form and the inability of urban environments to respond to the problems created, has caused cities to be constantly exposed to the uneven growth of cities and the influx of urban land uses. The descriptive nature is analytical. The purpose of studying and researching the factors affecting the metropolitan area of Tehran from the perspective of the Iranian-Islamic city, the historical trend and its prolongation for more than a few decades has led to the destruction of Tehran. The statistical population of this study 40 of them are 15 experts of the General Directorate of Privacy and the rest are experts, experts and specialists in research. The examined criteria include physical, economic, social, natural and managerial factors with specific sub-criteria, which are sub-criteria. And then in MIC MAC software as a matrix MDI, MPDI, MII, MPII are analyzed. The results show that the most direct and direct potential impact, potential indirect and indirect effects, are related to land use change with rank (473). The lowest direct, potential direct effects, and potential indirect and indirect effects are related to the finite topography with rank (267) and (465) the lowest is for agricultural lands, wetlands with rank (224). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Explaining the Sustainability of the Urban Space System by Formulating, Determining and Prioritizing Urban Development Strategies; Case Study: Kashan
aboozar vafaei rasol heidary soreshjaniToday, cities encounter major urbanization and instability problems in innumerable dimensions, and traditional patterns in the form of urban development plans have not been able to lessen the disorder and instability of the urban space system. Thus, traditional approach MoreToday, cities encounter major urbanization and instability problems in innumerable dimensions, and traditional patterns in the form of urban development plans have not been able to lessen the disorder and instability of the urban space system. Thus, traditional approaches failure to deal with urban problems has led to the formation of a strategic attitude. Regarding the issue, Kashan is one of the cities that has feasibly accompanied with many physical, economic, socio-cultural disturbances influenced by high physical growth and its incompatibility with the capacity of urban infrastructure and ultimately inefficiency of urban development plans that caused the development of the city towards imbalance and spatial stability. In line with the previous studies regarding the pattern of scattered urban growth and the inability of urban development plans to meet the needs and deal with the problems of Kashan, this research is to proceed with explaining the stability of Kashan spatial system by formulating, determining and prioritizing urban development strategies within the framework of a specific conceptual structure. In terms of purpose, the type of research is applied-developmental and concerning the method, is descriptive-analytic. The approach of the present study is also a strategic attitude based on a systemic approach. The results of the research show that the type of strategy applied to stabilize the space system of Kashan is a defensive strategy. While in the evaluation provided in prioritizing strategies using the VIKOR model and choosing the optimized strategy, showed that “Developing the economic development document of the city in accordance with the capabilities and comparative and competitive advantages, especially in the field of industry, tourism and agricultural products” should be considered a priority in urban development programs as a superior strategy by city officials and managers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Role of Religious tourism in The Planning System of Qom City
esmail aliakbari Seyed Mehdi Musa Kazemi ali nejat torkamanReligious tourism is a type of tourism in which participants are motivated by religious reasons. The aim of the research is to investigate the role of religious tourism in the planning system of Qom city. This research has been developed in terms of practical purpose an MoreReligious tourism is a type of tourism in which participants are motivated by religious reasons. The aim of the research is to investigate the role of religious tourism in the planning system of Qom city. This research has been developed in terms of practical purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The data obtained from the research was collected by documentary and field method based on the opinions of 35 experts and using a researcher-made questionnaire. The research findings showed; Religious tourism is not directly mentioned in any document or development plan until the fifth plan. The prioritization of the components showed that the shrine of Hazrat Masoumeh (PBUH), the Jamkaran Mosque and religious places are known as the most important components in the development of the landuses of Qom city, and the planners and officials of the regional levels and the national and local level planners have the lowest rank among the components according to the experts. Also, the results of the research showed that the planning system's attention to religious tourism in Qom city and the whole country is moderate to low. Concluding, as a social and cultural reality, religious tourism plays an essential role in the sustainable development of Qom and the country's tourism, and executives, planners and activists can provide reasons for the development of religious tourism in its various dimensions by preparing and implementing development plans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Developing a Conceptual Framework of Urban Resilience for its Application in Urban Literature, through Thematic Analysis of Texts
mohammad saber Eslamlou Manouchehr Tabibian Mahta MirmoghtadaieeUrban resilience is an approach, developed to respond to different unpredictable disasters. It is hypothesized that besides capacity, resistance and ability, there are other elements involved in urban resilience that have to be extracted. It seeks to develop a conceptua MoreUrban resilience is an approach, developed to respond to different unpredictable disasters. It is hypothesized that besides capacity, resistance and ability, there are other elements involved in urban resilience that have to be extracted. It seeks to develop a conceptual framework for urban resilience and to present its characteristics through a systematic review of the updated publications. Second, it proposes an inclusive definition of urban resilience, relying on the results of this study, finally, the qualitative data are reviewed to shed light on hidden aspects of urban resilience. This is a qualitative research in which thematic analysis, MAXQDA 13.28 software is used to understand and analyze the data. A collection of 100 publications containing definition of resilience was gathered as data, based on which six characteristics for conceptual framework of urban resilience were extracted as R1 to R6. The extracted results, were confirmed by expert panel and also the keywords were used in CiteSpace software to confirm their inclusion in 1250 published papers in the international journals under WOS index over the period of 2010 to 2020 (i.e. the papers which had ‘urban resilience’ and ‘urban resiliency’ phrases in their topics) and the results were supported. The authors define: “urban resilience is ability of cities to respond in timely manner and to resist during occurring natural or man-made disasters; while adapting and coordinating with new situations, in case of not being collapsed, they will continue their urban functions stronger than the past.” Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Management of Iranian-Islamic Cities with a Knowledge-based City Approach (Case Study: Shiraz)
Mehrab Shahrivar hossein kalantari khalil abad Gholamreza LatifiThe city of knowledge is one of the created concepts of the new millennium. Although signs of the concept of the city of knowledge can be traced back to a decade ago, but since the 21st century, cities around the world have moved towards the concept of knowledge-based d MoreThe city of knowledge is one of the created concepts of the new millennium. Although signs of the concept of the city of knowledge can be traced back to a decade ago, but since the 21st century, cities around the world have moved towards the concept of knowledge-based development. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the level of managerial capabilities and technological capabilities and infrastructure of the knowledge-based city in Shiraz, which was done using a mixed research method (qualitative and quantitative). The dimensions and components of the knowledge-based city were first measured through a qualitative study (content analysis) based on the qualitative characteristics of the research and then a quantitative study was performed using the IPA technique (importance and performance). After these studies, the importance of the components identified in the first stage of the research was determined. Using data analysis, the priority matrix for improving knowledge-based indicators in Shiraz was also determined. The results also showed that the most important priority of Shiraz is awareness and increasing the knowledge of citizens with weight (0.158). On the other hand, decreasing paper services by weight (0.138) and increasing online services by weight (0.112) were correlated with each other as the second and third priorities. In addition, during this study, it was found that the educational infrastructure of Shiraz is in a good condition in terms of knowledge principles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Comparative Analysis of Urban Contexts around Subway Stations Based on Indicators of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Case Study: Mirza Shirazi and Namazi Subway Stations
Ali Reza Sadeghi Seyedeh Tayebeh Hosseinipour masoud dadgarTransportation issue has always been considered as one of the major urban problems. The rapid economic and demographic growth of cities, the increase of private car ownership, the limitation of urban transportation infrastructure, the increase of intra-city travel and t MoreTransportation issue has always been considered as one of the major urban problems. The rapid economic and demographic growth of cities, the increase of private car ownership, the limitation of urban transportation infrastructure, the increase of intra-city travel and the disproportionate development of urban spaces will increase the traffic problems in cities. Today, to get rid of these problems and increase the quality of life in cities, urban spaces are developed based on the transit system. The benefits of TOD have been widely demonstrated, from reducing carbon emissions to achieving a range of other inherent socio-economic benefits in sustainable cities. The increase in car ownership in Shiraz, whose population has overgrown in the years after the revolution and the intensification of the use of private cars in this city, caused many problems such as heavy traffic, air pollution, and noise pollution. This revealed the necessity of attention to transit in this city, and as a result, the urban train was considered an efficient transit method. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the urban areas around the public transportation stations in Shiraz based on the TOD criteria. The case study is two selected stations from Shiraz metro, Mirzai Shirazi and Namazi stations. In this study, first, the principles of TOD have been identified. After that, the characteristics of the case study have been evaluated with the TOD criteria and the ITDP standards. Then, the stations were analyzed using SWOT. This study shows that Mirzai Shirazi station is in a bronze condition, but the Namazi station is not even in this condition. Access to local services, proper non-residential density, and transit options at the stations are the strengths of this approach. Housing density in stations is low and needs to be increased. The findings of this study can be used to assist planners in evaluating actions taken in intra-city rail development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Explain the components of urban planning education with emphasis on Islamic city indicators
alireza sabermanesh hasan ahmadi naser baratiAs a controversial term,Islamic city is the source of wide and continuous debates, which experienced the large changes and developments since its onset. Although, there is many doubts and disagreements on the definition and determination of the urban planning terms, suc MoreAs a controversial term,Islamic city is the source of wide and continuous debates, which experienced the large changes and developments since its onset. Although, there is many doubts and disagreements on the definition and determination of the urban planning terms, such as Islamic city,it has been as an academic major for more than a century and experienced many changes, particularly under the influence of social circumstances. The connection between the students and graduates of this field with the sectors of academic world and the labor market can be achieved with identifying the components of teaching in urban planning, particularly the Islamic city, which also result in the strong influence of these components on the teaching of this field.One of the ways to improve the knowledge, skills and attitudes of professors and students about quantitative and qualitative debates in urban planning is the necessity of research withfocusingon the components of Islamic city teaching. Considering the position of urban planning teachingand the need to explain the indicators of the Islamic city, this research seeks to explain the teachingcomponents related to urban planning with an emphasis on the indicators of the Islamic city. The main purpose is to identify the role and place of Islamic city indicators in the context of teaching. This research is an applied and survey research based on the purpose, and data collection, respectively. It used the method of structural equation modeling, too. Using the library and documents methods besides by using the studying and reviewing the previous works, the main variables of the model and the indicators related to each one were extracted. The necessary corrections, additions and adjustments were made by helping the opinion of the experts. Then, a questionnaire was designed based on these variables and indicators. This questionnaire let us to determine the importance of each of the obtained indicators in the form of a question and through a five-point Likert scale. We confirmed the validity of this questionnaire by the relevant experts. This questionnaire was filled by the opinion of many students in the studied area. The results show that the quality, methods and teachingaidswith a path coefficient of 5.22, trainers and lecturers with a path coefficient of 3.26, the basic factors of teaching with a path coefficient of 4.19, teaching skills with a path coefficient of 5.08 and finally theteachingvalueswith a path coefficient of 4.55 and all with a probability of 99%havethe significant impacts on the indicators of the Islamic city for the urban planning students. However, the evaluation of the findings showed that the presence of the components of the Islamic city can be important to increase the knowledge of professors andthe motivation of students and to establish an effective connection with the world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Measuring the sense of place belonging and identifying the components affecting it in urban body patterns "Case study: West side of Imam Khomeini Street, Ardabil"
Rouhollah Rahimi Seyed Mohsen moosavi Nasrin Mohammadi IrlooUrban bodies and their social and cultural dimensions, with a semiotic approach, play an effective role in creating a sense of belonging to a place in citizens. It is important to identify the patterns of integrated and coordinated urban bodies effective on the percepti MoreUrban bodies and their social and cultural dimensions, with a semiotic approach, play an effective role in creating a sense of belonging to a place in citizens. It is important to identify the patterns of integrated and coordinated urban bodies effective on the perception of the audience in order to create social life, social interactions and place identity. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of urban bodies on creating a sense of belonging among citizens and to determine the patterns of urban bodies that are effective on the sense of belonging to a place, which has been studied in the body of the west side of Imam Khomeini Street in Ardabil, the main and oldest street of this city. The research method is applied and descriptive- survey type and it was carried out by a combined (quantitative- qualitative) method. To collect information, library studies and field survey methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. Based on the findings of the research, the sense of belonging to a place among citizens is influenced by the social- perceptual components of the urban body; It is possible to increase the sense of satisfaction and sense of belonging to the place among the citizens by coordinating the shops, suitable furniture, revitalizing the destroyed buildings, appropriateness in color, appropriateness in the skyline, favorable facade design and suitable vegetation. The result of the research in the case study shows that the high age, proper access and the holding of national- religious rituals have created a sense of belonging to the place. Also, structures that are familiar with the culture and identity of citizens create a sense of belonging to a place. The use of urban walls related to identity and historical and native culture for national religious rituals can encourage people to be in the street and create memories and mental images for them and consequently increase the sense of belonging to a place. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Comparing the Efficiency of Sustainable Urban Economy Models on Local Development (Case study: District 10 of Tehran)
Zohreh Tajik Seyed Mosa Mosavi Farzaneh SalamiUrban economics, after the formation of sustainability-based approaches such as sustainable development, became more and more associated with these approaches and formed a comprehensive category called "sustainable urban economy".The aim of this research is researching MoreUrban economics, after the formation of sustainability-based approaches such as sustainable development, became more and more associated with these approaches and formed a comprehensive category called "sustainable urban economy".The aim of this research is researching the effectiveness of sustainable urban economy for the transformation and redevelopment of dysfunctional urban neighborhoods in which haven’t been evaluated until now. , using a quantitative-qualitative method based on interviews and questioning of experts in Tehran, research data were collected. The results showed a significant effect of all the studied models on the dependent variable, ie local development. However, some models of sustainable urban economy, such as "social entrepreneurship" and "LED model", had a greater impact on local development. This means that the two models can be used more than other models in accordance with the conditions of dysfunctional neighborhoods in the 10th district of Tehran. Finally, it was concluded that in order to apply the models of sustainable urban economy in local development and the transformation of dysfunctional urban neighborhoods in the 10th district of Tehran, two basic preconditions should be considered. One is that the priority of selecting redevelopment models should be based on their adaptation to "endogenous local development" and the other is that the sociological conditions and requirements of dysfunctional urban neighborhoods should be considered in choosing the development model. Thus, by accepting and applying these two preconditions, it is possible to create a local model of local development in Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Land Redevelopment Planning in the Urban Historical Fabrics Case study: Zartoshtiha Neighborhood in thehistorical fabric of Yazd city
najma esmaeilpoor Fatemeh ForoughinasabThe Inscription of the historical fabric of Yazd in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage Cities, according to the third and fifth UNESCO cultural criteria, was performed in 2017. One of the strategies for the preservationda MoreThe Inscription of the historical fabric of Yazd in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage Cities, according to the third and fifth UNESCO cultural criteria, was performed in 2017. One of the strategies for the preservationdaily life in the historical fabric is to reuse the previous lands that have been abandoned or the ones under dilapidated buildings that have become non-productive spaces. The researchpurpose is the first, prioritizing the neighborhoods of the historical fabric of Yazd in terms of the potential of these lands for redevelopment; and then presenting the program of improve the efficiency in their use in the area(neighborhood) with the most capability. The Analytic network process, is one of themulti-criteria decision-making methods that have been used to measure the potential of these lands, and the strategic planning process has been used to plan their reuse in the area with the most capabilities. All neighborhoods of the historical fabric of Yazd have a significant share of land worth redevelopment at their central core and outskirts. Zartoshtiha (followers of the religion of Zoroaster) neighborhood showed a greater potential for redevelopment due to its social desirability, economic potential, especially in the field of tourism, and proper access. The article alsooffersthe proposed suitable uses onpotentially redeveloping lands as well as solutions for the prosperity of life in the Zartoshtiha neighborhood. This article is also an example of the application of non-productive land redevelopment planning in historical and ancient fabrics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Analysis of social logic governing the body of space in the historical-cultural context of Boshrouyeh in the Qajar era with a syntactic approach
saeede pourabedini abed taghavi hasan hashemi zarj abadWhat is translation of cities is the way that this discipline entails the arrangement of different land uses suitable and compatible distribution of urban facilities beside each other as well as the roads network at the localities level. The desired neighboring of inf MoreWhat is translation of cities is the way that this discipline entails the arrangement of different land uses suitable and compatible distribution of urban facilities beside each other as well as the roads network at the localities level. The desired neighboring of infrastructure and urban facilities on the localities has resulted in preventing the establishment of social inequalities and consequently spatial inequality and spatial inequality in the areas that have influence on the function of spatial and spatial configuration of cities in the context of time and space. The aim of this research is to read the Integration spatial behavior between man and the environment in the historical context of the city of Beshravieh in the Qajar period, which has become the basis for the emergence of spatial organization and social logic of space and correlation in the physical-functional structure of the neighborhoods of this city.The current research is applied research in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method. The theoretical information of the research has been collected from the method of library studies and using the findings, documents and documents of the cultural heritage of Beshravieh city. And in order to read the social logic of the space governing the spatial body of the neighborhoods of Beshravieh city, two quantitative guidelines (relationships, indicators of space syntax) and qualitative (idea of space syntax) existing in the theory of space arrangement have been used.According to the theory of space syntax, what was the role of physical-functional factors in shaping and developing the social logic of the space of Beshravieh city in the Qajar era? The results of the research show: the building elements of the physical structure of the neighborhoods of Beshravieh in the Qajar era were formed in order to meet the needs of the residents of the neighborhoods and in order to preserve and strengthen its cultural-social identity. And they have also been responsible for creating correlation between the physical elements of the neighborhoods. The achievement of this spatial order is the existence of spatial unity in the whole and its function in the minuscule. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Identifying and explaining the key drivers affecting the landscape quality in urban historical fabric (case study: Sang-e-Siah neighborhood of Shiraz)
Abolfazl Badahang hossein kalantari khalil abad Keramatalah ZayyariHistorical fabric is an architectural and cultural masterpiece, forming a valuable part of urban identity and history. Preservation and maintenance of this fabric and the quality of its landscape are essential but currently neglected due to economic and socio-cultural r MoreHistorical fabric is an architectural and cultural masterpiece, forming a valuable part of urban identity and history. Preservation and maintenance of this fabric and the quality of its landscape are essential but currently neglected due to economic and socio-cultural reasons. This study aimed to identify and explain the key drivers affecting the landscape quality of the Sang-e-Siah neighborhood historical fabric in Shiraz. The research was applied concerning purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and research methodology. Library-documentary and field studies were used, along with the distribution of questionnaires, to collect the required data, which were then analyzed using MicMac software and the Delphi technique. The results indicate that 7 out of 22 main influential factors affect the landscape of the historical fabric of the Sang-e-Siah neighborhood in Shiraz. These key factors have the most significant impact and are the least influenced by other factors affecting the landscape quality of the historical fabric of the Sang-e-Siah neighborhood in Shiraz and include spatial unity (coordination of elements) (V4), color and materials (V16), sidewalk space (V19), security and peace (V14), green space (V20), urban furniture (V12), and lighting (V15). The results of the research indicate that a desirable urban landscape has numerous impacts on the quality of life for citizens and increases their satisfaction with municipal management performance, which, in turn, will lead to greater citizen participation in urban development projects. Achieving a desirable urban landscape requires the identification of influential factors and planning for the improvement of their conditions because due to the internal relationships among these landscape elements, a change in one factor leads to changes in others. Intervening in the historical urban fabric is highly sensitive due to the value of these historical areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Knowing the Dimensions of Tourism in the Sustainable Regeneration of the Old Context of Yazd City
Ali Shamaei Narges Ahmadifard Sima DaemiRegeneration for updating the old textures In addition to meeting the needs of the people and daily life has a meaningful reference to the identity of the old textures, which can be achieved only in the group of attention to the dimensions of tourism in all fields. MoreRegeneration for updating the old textures In addition to meeting the needs of the people and daily life has a meaningful reference to the identity of the old textures, which can be achieved only in the group of attention to the dimensions of tourism in all fields. The dimensions of sustainable tourism from the economic, social, physical and environmental aspects are consistent with the dimensions and indicators of regeneration. For this purpose, the intended research has used these four approaches to investigate the dimensions of urban tourism in recreating the historical context of the studied city. Our type of research is practical and its method is exploratory-analytical. The statistical population of the research is citizens living in the old context of Yazd city with a sample size of 274 people using Cochran's formula and 30 urban specialists and experts. The results of the research showed that the development of tourism has played the biggest role in the indicators of the physical and economic dimensions. Also, urban tourism has played a role in creating cultural facilities, entertainment and sports centers, increasing social relations, cultural exchanges, strengthening the city's cultural identity, developing service activities, and preventing economic stagnation. Also, the results obtained from the SOAR analysis showed that the most important impact of tourism is the participation of the residents in tourism and urban regeneration programs and plans and the creation of recreational places to attract and retain more tourists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Review and Qualitative Content Analysis of the Theoretical Origins of Urban Regeneration
Ahmad Pourahmad Akbar Hamidi Hossein Hataminejad saeed zanganehWith the beginning of the twenty-first century, various policies have been adopted to manage the complexities and uncertainties of urban systems, especially in metropolitan areas. Meanwhile, Urban Regeneration (UR), as a policy focused on Inner-city, dysfunctional and r MoreWith the beginning of the twenty-first century, various policies have been adopted to manage the complexities and uncertainties of urban systems, especially in metropolitan areas. Meanwhile, Urban Regeneration (UR), as a policy focused on Inner-city, dysfunctional and rundown urban fabrics, has found an undeniable significance in urban planning and studies. Then, the main purpose of this research is to review, evaluate and investigate urban regeneration policy based on Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) method. Firstly, more than 300 scientific and valid texts in the field of urban regeneration were purposefully studied. After the final screening, 73 sources were analyzed in a content way as a selected document. In the second step, components and indicators of research variables were extracted and categorized. Results represent that the core categories of urban regeneration are: 1) principles of urban regeneration; 2) timeline evolution of urban regeneration policies; 3) sustainable urban regeneration strategies; 4) assessment frameworks of regeneration; 5) guiding theories for regeneration; and 6) land use-led urban regeneration. As a result, the conceptual model of urban regeneration was presented by focusing on expanded theoretical concepts. Considering extracted categories, the land use-led urban regeneration indicator has been noticed more in research studies, and the category of sustainable regeneration strategies has been given more priority. In contrast, the discussion of regenerative support theories, regeneration policy timeline and its evaluation frameworks are less emphasized than other issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Explaining the coceptual farmework for evalouating spatial resilience against urban floods and its application in urban planning literature case study babolsar city
Elham Rezaian KaleBasti Hossein Kalantari khalilabad Maryam RezghiEnvironmental problems related to urbanization have their roots in both ecological and urban development fields, led to the formation of joint research fields such as resilience. Urban spatial resilience indicators are directly related to physical and environmental dime MoreEnvironmental problems related to urbanization have their roots in both ecological and urban development fields, led to the formation of joint research fields such as resilience. Urban spatial resilience indicators are directly related to physical and environmental dimensions and are related to the main components of the spatial organization of the city. The purpose is to explain the conceptual framework assessment against urban flooding in Babolsar and its application in urban planning, research method: descriptive-analytical, data collection method: library and field and tools. Data collection: questionnaire, statistical population: specialists of city related to the issue of urban flooding, of which 30 people were selected as a possible cluster sampling. Data analysis is done through mean, Kolmogrof-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk and t-test in SPSS software as well as AHP and WASPAS techniques. The results show that the city is in a relatively good condition in terms of resilience and it is necessary to use the existing potentials, opportunities and resources in order to improve spatial resilience against floods. The final status of the space organization has shown that the dispersion of uses, attention to natural elements and the condition of the road network and surrounding green and open spaces have been evaluated as favorable, and the lack of attention to the shape of the land, Attention to neighboring spots, lack of dispersion of high-risk spots, centralization of administration in the center of the city, centralization of functional elements by the river and centralization of services on the coastal strip are its negative points. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Residential use analysis of Mashhad based on LEED indicators in green buildings
farzaneh Razzaghian Hossein AghajaniThe hotel industry, as the largest subset of the tourism industry, is one of the largest polluters among the service industry. Quoting from Elsevier's valid scientific journals such as Sustainable Futures and Cleaner Production in 2022 and 2023, the negative environment MoreThe hotel industry, as the largest subset of the tourism industry, is one of the largest polluters among the service industry. Quoting from Elsevier's valid scientific journals such as Sustainable Futures and Cleaner Production in 2022 and 2023, the negative environmental impacts of hotels are greater than the impacts of buildings with different uses of the same size and scale. On the other hand, hotels in the pilgrimage city of Mashhad are one of the most important uses, which is ranked first in Iran. Undoubtedly, the approach of optimal use and energy saving is very important in this industry. Therefore, this article aims to improve the quality of urban construction and reduce the use of resources and energy in hotels in Mashhad and using a descriptive-analytical method to identify the principles and criteria of green building and analyze the status of hotels in three sections: hotels, apartment hotels And hosts. The statistical population of this research includes all hotels of Mashhad and sample size with cluster sampling method of 169 cases. The international LEED standard has been used to evaluate green building indicators. The results show that hotels reveal many weaknesses that can be traced back to the early stages of design to construction and after implementation. These buildings do not benefit from the basics of green building principles and are buildings with high energy and water consumption, and none of them have obtained the minimum score required to obtain LEED certification (40 points). Therefore, after stating the causes, practical solutions to solve them are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - To Identify Challenges and Opportunities of Urban Tourism Development in District 4 of Tehran
Farangis Torabi Zahra NadalipourToday, along with the expansion of urbanization, changes in people's lifestyles and work- leisure patterns, the phenomenon of urban tourism is increasingly important. From this point of view, cities act as tourist destinations with a wide range of attractions and entert MoreToday, along with the expansion of urbanization, changes in people's lifestyles and work- leisure patterns, the phenomenon of urban tourism is increasingly important. From this point of view, cities act as tourist destinations with a wide range of attractions and entertainment for citizens and residents, as well as for tourists and visitors from other places. The purpose of the present study is to identify the challenges and opportunities of urban tourism development in the district 4 of Tehran. The present study was a qualitative study that applied thematic analysis method to analyze the relevant data. The tool for data gathering was interview and 10experts were interviewed. MAXQDA software version 2020 was applied to analyse collected data, through which the main and secondary codes were extracted in three stages of open coding, central coding and selective coding. The results indicated that in the challenges section, the main factors of infrastructural challenge, socio- cultural challenge, managerial challenge, environmental challenge and economic challenge were identified. Sub- codes were also identified for each main code. Moreover, for tourism development opportunities, the main components of amenities, tourist attractions, motivational factors, cultural and social factors and human resources were identified. On the other hand, the components of educational and advertising measures, infrastructure and policy measures, cultural and social measures, regulatory and health measures, public transport fleet infrastructure and environmental issues were identified as solutions for tourism development. Findings showed that in addition to the facilities, potential and actual opportunities for the development of urban tourism, there are several challenges and obstacles, including economic, infrastructural, socio- cultural, managerial and environmental challenges and obstacles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Explaining the function of Transfer of Development Right (TDR) method in order to realize Islamic social justice
Reza Khaleghi Zohre Davoudpour reza nasr esfahaniUrban development with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development plans. The transfer of the development right is considered one of the new ways of monitoring land development. The transfer of the development right i MoreUrban development with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development plans. The transfer of the development right is considered one of the new ways of monitoring land development. The transfer of the development right is important in terms of its position in reducing inequality and ensuring the individual rights of the owners. The development right transfer approach is actually a plan to reduce physical development in areas that the community or planners want to protect. This research aims to examine and implement the approach of the right to transfer development and explain some of the principles of important rules in the perspective of Islam, and its relevance and influence in urban development, and offers suggestions for the realization of social justice using this approach. The current research is an applied research that uses the descriptive-comparative research method to analyze and examine the data. To describe and analyze the data, the comparative literature review method has been used. Based on this, while gathering the topics of Islamic social justice and the method of transferring the right to development, the relationship between the aforementioned method and the realization of social justice is analyzed through the Delphi technique by receiving 5 rounds of opinions from 30 experts. As a result of this research, the principles of social justice include eight principles; Equality in public rights, the lack of objectivity of the position and position of people in the administration of justice, inequality in individual-social acquired rights, compliance with the requirements of time in receiving tariffs, equal access to public services, non-privatization of property and public interests, the benefit of all in public affairs, The lack of immunity of rulers and officials from justice was explained. And also compared to the basics of the right to transfer development method, it was found that the principles of equality in public law, the lack of objectivity of the position and position of individuals in the implementation of justice are completely consistent with the method of the right to transfer development. The principles of inequality in individual-social acquired rights, compliance with the requirements of time in receiving tariffs, equal access to public services, non-privatization of property and public interests, benefit of all in public affairs, lack of immunity of rulers and officials from justice are largely consistent. Or you can use the method of transfer of development right in order to achieve the intended goals of that principle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Elucidation of Factors and the Role of Drivers Influencing Development Stimulus Initiatives in the Pattern of Sustainable Regeneration with an Emphasis on Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis (Case Study: Kohsar City)
Ahmad Pourahmad Media Hakimi Keramatalah Zayyari hasanali farajisabokbarIn recent decades, the urban regeneration approach has shifted from physical renewal towards sustainable urban regeneration as a result of the evolution of thoughts and policies. The goal is to achieve economic growth, social dynamism, improved urban environmental quali MoreIn recent decades, the urban regeneration approach has shifted from physical renewal towards sustainable urban regeneration as a result of the evolution of thoughts and policies. The goal is to achieve economic growth, social dynamism, improved urban environmental quality, and ecological sustainability. Inefficient urban fabric is identified as the primary target area for the regeneration of urban zones facing numerous economic, social, physical, and environmental challenges compared to other urban areas. One crucial solution in this regard involves harnessing developmental stimuli through a series of urban initiatives and plans to address the issues in various domains of urban areas. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors of catalyst and description of their role in the model of sustainable regeneration in Kohsar city, which is one of the most important inefficient urban areas in Alborz province. Therefore, identifying the drivers of development stimuli, elucidating their spatial distribution, and explaining their role in sustainable urban regeneration are paramount. The research methodology employed is descriptive, utilizing quantitative and qualitative analyses with a focus on GIS software and employing the Moran's I autocorrelation technique. The results indicate that the physical, social, and environmental criteria are clustered, while the economic criterion is randomly and unevenly distributed in Kohsar city. The finding of the research show that in the city of Kohsar , concentrating on the economic, social, physical, and environmental capacities of the existing urban areas and distributing them in inefficient areas can play a crucial role in accelerating the process of sustainable regeneration and addressing the challenges of inefficient urban fabric. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The effect of Vauban style defensive fortifications on the spatial organization of the city of Khoy in the Qajar period
parviz pourkarimi karim hajizadehThe city is the most important area of human life and the largest cell of civilization, and the study of the impact and impression of this area has a special place. The present article aims to investigate and analyze the impact of the European-style defensive fortificat MoreThe city is the most important area of human life and the largest cell of civilization, and the study of the impact and impression of this area has a special place. The present article aims to investigate and analyze the impact of the European-style defensive fortifications known as Vauban as an effective component in the shaping and spatial organization of the city of Khoi during the Qajar period. The purpose of this research is to explain and analyze why and how European knowledge of urban planning and defensive architecture penetrated in the city of Khoi during the Qajar period and to examine the architectural plan and structure of this castle-city and its impact on the spatial and physical organization of the primary core of Khoi city. In terms of the nature and method of research, the present research is historical-analytical and the method of data collection is library and text mining of historical documents. The research findings indicate that following the developments resulting from modernity and military technology, Iran's military elites realized the necessity of adapting defense fortifications to the needs of the day, i.e. adapting to firearms, including cannons and artillery. Therefore, they started to build European-style defense fortifications equipped with artillery and called "Vauban", one of the prominent examples of which is the tower and rampart of Khoi city in the Qajar period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Renewal of Spatial structure of the quarters based on the Cultural- led regeneration approach in Historical fabrics (Case Study: Arg quarter, Mashhad)
Farid Ganjeali Iman GhalandarianThe spatial structure of quarters plays a fundamental role in revitalizing and improving their quality. Emphasizing the reconstruction of cultural heritage, this approach can serve as a suitable catalyst for strengthening related issues or the spatial structure of histo MoreThe spatial structure of quarters plays a fundamental role in revitalizing and improving their quality. Emphasizing the reconstruction of cultural heritage, this approach can serve as a suitable catalyst for strengthening related issues or the spatial structure of historical quarters. This research aims to reconstruct the spatial structure of the Arg quarter in Mashhad. The methodology employed is mixed (quantitative and qualitative), where initially, by defining the criteria for cultural reconstruction in both soft and hard environments and categorizing them into seven dimensions of the urban environment, the cultural criteria in the components of spatial structure were elucidated. In the second step, quarter issues in the Arg quarter were extracted through the perspectives of authors, experts, and residents using observation and interviews, then the issue network was drawn and analyzed using qualitative research analysis tools (Gephi software). The results of the research indicate that the most important issues of the spatial structure of the Arg quarter include the lack of day and night activities, neglect of social values, functional disturbances in space and activities, inappropriate environmental qualities, and the loss of a sense of place, which can be addressed by proposing suggestions for improvement based on the identified issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Assessment of smart citizens in Iranian cities (Case example: Tehran city)
Elham Zabetian Targhi masoud dadgarBased on the theoretical framework of the smart city, the third generation of smart cities in the world emphasizes "smart citizens" rather than supporting infrastructure; In fact, the smartness of cities depends on the smartness of citizens rather than the development o MoreBased on the theoretical framework of the smart city, the third generation of smart cities in the world emphasizes "smart citizens" rather than supporting infrastructure; In fact, the smartness of cities depends on the smartness of citizens rather than the development of new technologies and infrastructures. Also, there are internationally approved indexes for measuring and evaluating the state of intelligence of citizens, which of course can be revised based on the cultural and contextual conditions of each region in cities. Therefore, according to the importance of the subject and to extract and diagnose the intelligence indexes of citizens in Iran, in this research, after document, with the conceptualization method, the indexes and sub-indexes of citizen evaluation have been extracted and then in the stage of survey studies, electronic questionnaires have been designed to measure the mentioned indexes and distributed among about 270 citizens of Tehran (as the capital and the leader in the field of intelligence in the country). In the next stage, quantitative and qualitative analyses have been carried out. By using multivariate regression and beta test, related indicators have been ranked and interpreted. Finally, the results show that the participation index is the most important element in the field of smart citizens, and this indicates that the promotion of the role of the citizens does not necessarily depend on the provision of infrastructure and the introduction of new technologies in cities. Also, suggestions for educating smart citizens from preschool to university level have been presented. Manuscript profile
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