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        1 - Comparative Analysis of Urban Contexts around Subway Stations Based on Indicators of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Case Study: Mirza Shirazi and Namazi Subway Stations
        Ali Reza Sadeghi Seyedeh Tayebeh Hosseinipour masoud dadgar
        Transportation issue has always been considered as one of the major urban problems. The rapid economic and demographic growth of cities, the increase of private car ownership, the limitation of urban transportation infrastructure, the increase of intra-city travel and t More
        Transportation issue has always been considered as one of the major urban problems. The rapid economic and demographic growth of cities, the increase of private car ownership, the limitation of urban transportation infrastructure, the increase of intra-city travel and the disproportionate development of urban spaces will increase the traffic problems in cities. Today, to get rid of these problems and increase the quality of life in cities, urban spaces are developed based on the transit system. The benefits of TOD have been widely demonstrated, from reducing carbon emissions to achieving a range of other inherent socio-economic benefits in sustainable cities. The increase in car ownership in Shiraz, whose population has overgrown in the years after the revolution and the intensification of the use of private cars in this city, caused many problems such as heavy traffic, air pollution, and noise pollution. This revealed the necessity of attention to transit in this city, and as a result, the urban train was considered an efficient transit method. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the urban areas around the public transportation stations in Shiraz based on the TOD criteria. The case study is two selected stations from Shiraz metro, Mirzai Shirazi and Namazi stations. In this study, first, the principles of TOD have been identified. After that, the characteristics of the case study have been evaluated with the TOD criteria and the ITDP standards. Then, the stations were analyzed using SWOT. This study shows that Mirzai Shirazi station is in a bronze condition, but the Namazi station is not even in this condition. Access to local services, proper non-residential density, and transit options at the stations are the strengths of this approach. Housing density in stations is low and needs to be increased. The findings of this study can be used to assist planners in evaluating actions taken in intra-city rail development. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Assessment of smart citizens in Iranian cities (Case example: Tehran city)
        Elham Zabetian Targhi masoud dadgar
        Based on the theoretical framework of the smart city, the third generation of smart cities in the world emphasizes "smart citizens" rather than supporting infrastructure; In fact, the smartness of cities depends on the smartness of citizens rather than the development o More
        Based on the theoretical framework of the smart city, the third generation of smart cities in the world emphasizes "smart citizens" rather than supporting infrastructure; In fact, the smartness of cities depends on the smartness of citizens rather than the development of new technologies and infrastructures. Also, there are internationally approved indexes for measuring and evaluating the state of intelligence of citizens, which of course can be revised based on the cultural and contextual conditions of each region in cities. Therefore, according to the importance of the subject and to extract and diagnose the intelligence indexes of citizens in Iran, in this research, after document, with the conceptualization method, the indexes and sub-indexes of citizen evaluation have been extracted and then in the stage of survey studies, electronic questionnaires have been designed to measure the mentioned indexes and distributed among about 270 citizens of Tehran (as the capital and the leader in the field of intelligence in the country). In the next stage, quantitative and qualitative analyses have been carried out. By using multivariate regression and beta test, related indicators have been ranked and interpreted. Finally, the results show that the participation index is the most important element in the field of smart citizens, and this indicates that the promotion of the role of the citizens does not necessarily depend on the provision of infrastructure and the introduction of new technologies in cities. Also, suggestions for educating smart citizens from preschool to university level have been presented. Manuscript profile