List of articles (by subject) Basic concepts in Islamic urban planning and architecture
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Open Access Article
1 - Introduction to the concept of “up” and “down” in the event of archetype Islamic-Iranian architecture with an emphasis on distinguishing between the semantic fields of people attitudes (Cases study: Toopkhane square, Laleh Park, shahzade garden, naqhsh-e- jahan square)
Naser Barati elham kakavandIn purposive architecture in the field of environmental interventions, there are many details of size, shapes, combinations and certain mysteries that distinguish architectural elements, even in a single society. Reflection in the mysterious urban biological system, ori MoreIn purposive architecture in the field of environmental interventions, there are many details of size, shapes, combinations and certain mysteries that distinguish architectural elements, even in a single society. Reflection in the mysterious urban biological system, originates from the debate of thought and intuition, reason and love, and knowledge and insight. The present article explores the explanation and revelation of an ancient pattern that has linked many of our architectural elements throughout history.An archetype with “Up-Down” concepts that has reflected from the people’s imagery into the in urban architecture space. In the meantime, the question arises that what is the connection between these ideas, behaviors, the value system and the human living space system, especially in cities? To achieve this, the content analysis method is used. First, the relationship between the elements is conceived qualitatively and afterwards, the relation between the phenomena is explained by selecting the study areas and surveying citizens based on the semantic differentiation method. The results indicate that the idea of perfectionism and movement towards peak and perfection (up and down) in Iranian literature and culture has always been present and the association of its meaning in people’s minds, has led to the formation of a specific spatial arrangement and urban living system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Relation between Human, Home, and City in Religious Texts of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam
mohammadreza rahimzadeh zahra alebouyehThe mainstream of the developments that have guided and shaped the contemporary human dwelling, has been the subject of concern and criticism by many diverse groups of thinkers. Many theorists have tried to re-think the concepts of dwelling and have created new perspect MoreThe mainstream of the developments that have guided and shaped the contemporary human dwelling, has been the subject of concern and criticism by many diverse groups of thinkers. Many theorists have tried to re-think the concepts of dwelling and have created new perspectives. Human happiness is the center of attention of all religious traditions. With this premised, it seems that an effort from this point of view can explain things that -in the current view of architecture- have been neglected or forgotten. The purpose of this research is to find out what are the principles and criterions to the body and the container of human life by referring to religious texts, and what is the relationship between the human and the container of his dwelling. The research method is comparative and interpretative, and its resources are the texts of Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam and some of their interpretations. In the first part of the article, human’s existential relation to his dwelling containorin the context of thinking based on the mentioned religions has been investigated, and in the second part, the comparative analysis of the basic differences and commonalities has been discussed. The findings of the research show that, despite the differences in categories and terms to human and the levels and scales of his dwelling, the studied religions have one thing in common, and is that they do not make a fundamental and essential distinction between city, home, and human body, as they do for the human soul, the home dweller and the city dweller and consider the same principles for all these. From the point of view of all three religions, the world in which a person lives, the body, the house, and the city, is a whole unit that consists of a metamaterial or heavenly area in addition to the material or earthly area.However, in modern thought, withthe domination of specialization and its expansion, has put forward a new approach in understanding and dealing with human and his dwelling, which is accurate but in comparison with religious thinking, in terms of the ranks are limited, different in terms of priorities, and inconsistent in terms of scales. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - In Search of Principles of Designing a Residential Complex Based on “Islamic Wisdom” (Based on the views of Allama Ayatollah Javadi Amoli in the book Mafatih Al-Hayat)
salman noghrekar reyhaneh rahimiWithout a proper definition of the right way of “living”, we can not talk about the good form of “housing” and the desired quality of “living space”. The research hypothesis is that “living container” and “lifestyle” have a reciprocal effect. Man’s life includes his fou MoreWithout a proper definition of the right way of “living”, we can not talk about the good form of “housing” and the desired quality of “living space”. The research hypothesis is that “living container” and “lifestyle” have a reciprocal effect. Man’s life includes his fourfold relationship with “God, self, others and nature”, which, if based on Islamic teachings, can be said to have been achieved by the Muslim way of life. And “architecture” has the attribute of “Islamic” to the extent that it facilitates it. The aim of this research is to achieve principles for such “architecture” on the scale of “residential complex”. The research question is “What principles should we follow in designing a residential complex that lays the groundwork for an Islamic lifestyle?” To find the answer On the one hand, during conceptual modeling, nine key components of a residential complex were explained. Then, during library studies and content analysis methods, different approaches to “Islamic housing” were categorized and analyzed in two ways: “quantitative and qualitative”. From the third path, the characteristics of the Islamic way of life were obtained from the point of view of Allameh Javadi Ameli - as an Islamologist based on research; accordingly, the residential complex includes four main areas: “housing, roads, service space and green and open space”. The result of the research is the achievement of “design rules” of each of these nine elements that make up the residential complex, which is expressed in the form of “negative and positive principles”. In the current situation of the country, where due to the people’s need for housing, the policy of the “National Housing Production Movement” has been proposed by managers, the achievement of this research can be the guiding principles in designing a residential complex for designers. It should also be a basis for teaching architecture and training architects, especially in the course “Residential Complex Design” (Design 5). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigating the Importance of the Ancient Way Fahraj-Nosrat Abad (Aspi) in the Late Sasanid Period until the End of the Seljuk Era Path Based on the Newly-Found Karvansaray (Robat) of the Gorg Desert (Southern Margin of Lut)
Leyla Fazel Yaqub Mohammadifar Esmail Hemmati Azandariani Massoud GhamariHistorical geography sources of the early and middle Islamic centuries have named two cities of, Fahraj and Aspi or Senij (current Nosrat Abad), which fall under prosperous cities on the outskirts of the desert and the route from Kerman to Sistan. Archeological studies MoreHistorical geography sources of the early and middle Islamic centuries have named two cities of, Fahraj and Aspi or Senij (current Nosrat Abad), which fall under prosperous cities on the outskirts of the desert and the route from Kerman to Sistan. Archeological studies of the Cultural Landscape Region of Bam explored the ancient Fahraj-to-Aspi route in the first half of the 2010s. Later studies identified the Biyaban-e-Gorg building. The themes raised in this research concern understanding the significance of the Fahraj-to-Aspi axis in the late Sasanid era until the end of the Seljuk era and the study of the function of the Biyaban-e-Gorg building and its date of construction. The present study uses the descriptive-analytical approach and gathers data via field surveys and library sources. The research goals are as follows: first, part of the ancient main route of Fars and Kerman to Sistan in the cultural landscape region of Bam is introduced, which is aimed at answering numerous historical ambiguities in the eastern civilization, and few measures taken to understanding the ancient axes of this area are also discussed; second, the use and period of construction of the Biyaban-e-Gorg building as an impressive building in the middle of the Fahraj-to-Aspi route, located in southeastern Iran, is investigated. The studied axis starts from Fahraj in the southern outskirts of the Lut Plain (Zangi Ahmad Lut) and leads to Aspi (Nosrat Abad) on the road measuring 150 km involving 4-5 settlements. The works identified on the axis include two large settlements, parts of the ancient cobblestone roads, ten castles and caravanserais, and two minarets. These works date back to the late Sasanid era until the end of the Seljuk reign. This important axis was used from the beginning of Islam until the end of the Seljuk dynasty. It was also part of the ancient Kerman-to-Sistan main route that broadly constituted part of the ancient Fars-to-Sistsan (Zerang) axis. The Biyaban-e-Gorg building was an excellent site in the middle of this route. This building has an octagonal sketch with eight towers in the corners and forty chambers around the atrium, and a caravanserai in the middle of the route. An explanation of the use and date of construction of this site not only helps understand the importance of the route under study but also complements a set of architectural evidence of caravanserais as well as castles in the Seljuk era, finally compensating for the lack of data and cultural-historical documents from this era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Developing a Conceptual Framework of Urban Resilience for its Application in Urban Literature, through Thematic Analysis of Texts
mohammad saber Eslamlou Manouchehr Tabibian Mahta MirmoghtadaieeUrban resilience is an approach, developed to respond to different unpredictable disasters. It is hypothesized that besides capacity, resistance and ability, there are other elements involved in urban resilience that have to be extracted. It seeks to develop a conceptua MoreUrban resilience is an approach, developed to respond to different unpredictable disasters. It is hypothesized that besides capacity, resistance and ability, there are other elements involved in urban resilience that have to be extracted. It seeks to develop a conceptual framework for urban resilience and to present its characteristics through a systematic review of the updated publications. Second, it proposes an inclusive definition of urban resilience, relying on the results of this study, finally, the qualitative data are reviewed to shed light on hidden aspects of urban resilience. This is a qualitative research in which thematic analysis, MAXQDA 13.28 software is used to understand and analyze the data. A collection of 100 publications containing definition of resilience was gathered as data, based on which six characteristics for conceptual framework of urban resilience were extracted as R1 to R6. The extracted results, were confirmed by expert panel and also the keywords were used in CiteSpace software to confirm their inclusion in 1250 published papers in the international journals under WOS index over the period of 2010 to 2020 (i.e. the papers which had ‘urban resilience’ and ‘urban resiliency’ phrases in their topics) and the results were supported. The authors define: “urban resilience is ability of cities to respond in timely manner and to resist during occurring natural or man-made disasters; while adapting and coordinating with new situations, in case of not being collapsed, they will continue their urban functions stronger than the past.” Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analyzing the features of spatial combinations in the Houz-khaneh of historical houses in Isfahan (Safavid and Qajar periods)
Sara Rouholamin Mohsen afshariIn the architecture of the desert regions of Iran, water has been life and continuation of life. The properties of tricks are used in the creation of architectural elements to create comfort and peace in the lives of residents. One of the cases in Isfahan using the elem MoreIn the architecture of the desert regions of Iran, water has been life and continuation of life. The properties of tricks are used in the creation of architectural elements to create comfort and peace in the lives of residents. One of the cases in Isfahan using the element of water is Hozkhaneh Much research has been done on the historical houses of Isfahan, but Hozkhaneh space has not been given more attention. This research will be carried out to achieve the quality of the features of Hozkhaneh spatial mixers in the historical houses of Isfahan. In line with this goal, two questions are answered; What are the characteristics of spatial mixers in the Hoz Khaneh of Isfahan's historical houses? And how do they play a role? The present study analyzes the characteristics of the spatial mixers of Hozkhaneh in the historical houses of Isfahan during the Safavid and Qajar periods using a qualitative method with a practical purpose and a descriptive-historical approach. Considering cases such as the destruction of historical houses, being uninhabited, changing the use of houses to hotels, museums, and other cases, the lack of documents and maps of some historical houses, 20 historical houses with ponds in the city of Isfahan related to the mentioned periods were identified and it was checked. The results of the present research show that the pool houses are connected with other spaces of the house using doors, windows, and columns. in ponds using the features of spatial combiners; A flexible place has been formed such as optical and perspective expansion and horizontal and vertical spatial expansion. The ponds are divided into five groups in terms of neighborhood; A group of ponds are not contiguous. A group of them are connected one-way, another group two-way, the fourth group with three spaces, and the last group with four spaces. 12 of the researched ponds have rows and the rest have no rows. In the present research, the pond houses have ceiling or wall skylights, and in some of them, there are both roof and wall skylights. In nine of the researched ponds, there is Gholamgardesh. A group of pond houses have light expansion and a view to the outside, and the rest have a light expansion and a view to the inside. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Expressing and Analyzing the Effective Components of the Hidden Spatial Order in the Late Qajar Houses and Early Pahlavi in Behbahan
Mahrokh Moosavinasab Vida Taghvaei MOHAMMAD IBRAHIM MAZHARYHome as a manifestation of its residents’ culture displays different life methods, activity systems, values, and behavioral patterns. The present study aims to express the criteria and impact rate and weighing of each of them concerning each other by the realization of MoreHome as a manifestation of its residents’ culture displays different life methods, activity systems, values, and behavioral patterns. The present study aims to express the criteria and impact rate and weighing of each of them concerning each other by the realization of the effective components on the hidden map of Behbahan traditional housing. The research method with a mixed technique consists of descriptive methods and content analysis in the theoretical part and correlational and causal comparison in the field research in the case studies part. In the first step, the questionnaires were given to the residents of 30 houses in the traditional residential context of Behbahan in order to analyze the descriptive statistics that were analyzed by SPSS software. In the next step, interviews based on research questions will be compiled from a population of 10 experts who were selected by the snowball method, and inferential statistics will be extracted by analyzing them. Then the scores of questionnaires, bridge-crossroads documents, and being a Behbahan quay are compared. The research results indicate that the subsistence, cultural and social requirements caused by the region's geography and communication with merchants and others have influenced the weight of the spatial order components of Behbahan's traditional houses. This case can be seen in the orientation of houses and the formation of spatial order components with subsistence purposes. Manuscript profile