تدوین چارچوب مفهومی تاب آوری شهری به منظور ارائه کاربست آن در ادبیات شهرسازی از طریق تحلیل مضمون متون
محورهای موضوعی : مفاهیم بنیادین در شهرسازی و معماری اسلامی
محمد صابر اسلاملو
1
(دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی از دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قزوین، ایران)
منوچهر طبیبیان
2
(استاد دانشکده شهرسازی، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران)
مهتا میرمقتدایی
3
(استادیار مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: تاب آوری شهری, معرفت شناسی, چارچوب مفهومی, تحلیل مضمون,
چکیده مقاله :
تاب‌آوری شهری رویکردی نوین، به منظور پاسخگویی به انواع مخاطرات طبیعی و انسان‌ساخت است. این فرض وجود دارد که علاوه بر ویژگی هایی چون ظرفیت های شهری و استقامت هنگام مخاطرات وجوه دیگری نیز وجود دارد که باید آن ها را یافت. هدف این مقاله ارائه چارچوب مفهومی تاب‌آوری شهری و ذکر ویژ‌گی‌های آن از طریق مرور جامع منابع تاب‌آوری می باشد. همچنین تعریف کاملی از تاب‌آوری شهری مطابق نتایج بیان شده و در نهایت به بازخوانی داده‌های کیفی به منظور روشن نمودن زوایای پنهان تاب آوری شهری پرداخته شده است. روش تحقیق پژوهش حاضر کیفی بوده و از روش تحلیل مضمون به کمک نرم‌افزار MAXQDA 13.28 بهره گرفته شده است. در این راستا مجموعه 100 منبعی از تعاریف تاب‌آوری به عنوان داده گردآوری شد و مطابق تحلیل مضمون ویژگی های شش‌گانه چارچوب مفهومی تاب‌آوری شهری تحت عنوان R1 تا R6 استخراج شد. به منظور اثبات نتایج بدست آمده، علاوه بر طرح و اخذ تایید در پنل متخصصین، تصدیق استفاده از این واژه‌ها در میان 1250 مقاله چاپ شده در مجلات بین‌المللی تحت نمایه استنادی علمی سامسون رویترز1 از سال 2010 تا 2020 (مقالاتی با کلید واژه «تاب آوری شهری2» به زبان انگلیسی) به کمک نرم‌افزار Cite Space بررسی و نتایج تایید شد. از نظر محققین این مقاله تعریف تاب‌آوری شهری: «توانایی پاسخگویی به‌هنگام شهرها و استقامت در شرایط وقوع مخاطرات طبیعی و انسان‌ساخت است که ضمن سازگاری و هماهنگی با شرایط جدید، در صورت عدم فروپاشی و به شرط یادگیری شهروندان، قدرتمندتر از گذشته به کارکرد شهری خود ادامه می‌دهد» می باشد.
Urban resilience is an approach, developed to respond to different unpredictable disasters. It is hypothesized that besides capacity, resistance and ability, there are other elements involved in urban resilience that have to be extracted. It seeks to develop a conceptual framework for urban resilience and to present its characteristics through a systematic review of the updated publications. Second, it proposes an inclusive definition of urban resilience, relying on the results of this study, finally, the qualitative data are reviewed to shed light on hidden aspects of urban resilience. This is a qualitative research in which thematic analysis, MAXQDA 13.28 software is used to understand and analyze the data. A collection of 100 publications containing definition of resilience was gathered as data, based on which six characteristics for conceptual framework of urban resilience were extracted as R1 to R6. The extracted results, were confirmed by expert panel and also the keywords were used in CiteSpace software to confirm their inclusion in 1250 published papers in the international journals under WOS index over the period of 2010 to 2020 (i.e. the papers which had ‘urban resilience’ and ‘urban resiliency’ phrases in their topics) and the results were supported. The authors define: “urban resilience is ability of cities to respond in timely manner and to resist during occurring natural or man-made disasters; while adapting and coordinating with new situations, in case of not being collapsed, they will continue their urban functions stronger than the past.”
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